Apparatus for producing carbonic acid.



PATENTBD AUG. 29, 1905.

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G. WALZBL. l APPARATUS FOR PRODUGING CARBONIG ACID.

APPLICATION IIL'ED AUG. 10,1904.

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PATENTED AUG. 29, 1905.

G. WALZEL. APPARATUS FOR PRODUGING GARBONIG ACID.

APPLICATION FILED AUG4 10, 1904.l

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PATENTBD AUG. 29, 1905.

G. WALZEL. APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING GARBONIG ACID. i

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 10.1904.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' GREGORWALZEL, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO EDWARD ZUSI, OFNEWARK, NEW J ERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING CARBONIO AICID.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 29, 1905.

Application led August 10, 1904. Serial No. 220,186.

To @ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, GREGOR WALZEL, a citizen of the United States,residing at N ewark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus forProducing' Carbonic Acid; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to iiguresof reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The present invention has reference to a novel apparatus for themanufacture of carbon dioxid from limestone; and this invention has forits principal objects to providea new and improved means for themanufacture of carbon dioxid and lime in a simple and economical manner.

The invention has for its further'object to provide a novel apparatus orplant comprising two or more regenerative furnaces burning producer-gasand a double-shaft reducing-furnace, both the said regenerators andshafts of the furnace being preferably watersealed and all combined witha gas-producer, a hot-blast apparatus or device, a main carbon-dioxidreceiver or holder, and systems of connecting pipes or ducts between thevarious devices and apparatus, all arranged that carbon dioXid can beproduced uninterruptedly by carrying' the gases first through the oneregenerator and then into and through the limestone in the one shaft ofthe reductionfurnace for the calcining of the limestone to producecarbon dioxid and lime, while the heat from the active shaft of thereductionfurnace by radiation preheats the other shaft of the rednotion-furnace to be ready for active work as soon as the reduction inthe firstmentioned shaft of the furnace has takenl place.

The method of operation may briefly be described as follows: One of theregenerators is heated to a temperature of, say, 1,000O centigrade orover, when the gas and air are shut off, the valve in the stackconnection closed, and the connection leading into the one shaft of thereduction-furnace is opened. Carbon dioxid from the main carbonioreceiving tank or reservoir is then passed through a hot-blast device orapparatus,

where its temperature is raised to about 500O centigrade, then into andthrough one of the regenerators, where its temperature is furtherincreased to 1,000O or 1,200O centigrade, the said regenerators beinglined with such materials which will absorb and retain a great amount ofheat, and then into one ofthe shafts of the reduction furnace andthrough the limestone therein. At a temperature of 50()O centigrade thelimestone begins to give off carbon dioxid,which is drawn, by means of asuction-blower, pump, or other apparatus, through a suitable condenser,consisting, preferably, of iron pipes of large diameters and havingsprays of water inside of the same. These sprays of water are soregulated that when the water comes in contact with the carbon dioXidthelatter is sufficiently cooled that it can be forced into the mainreceiver or reservoir, from which the carbon dioxid can be withdrawn tobe dried, compressed, and putinto steel drums or other suitable vesselsfor the market. Meanwhile the other regenerator is vbeing heated in themanner hereinafter stated', the second shaft of the reduction-furnacebeing preheated by radiation from the other previously-heated shaft ofthe red notion-furnace, and when the apparatus and devicesl in use beginto cool a shift is made y by means ofsuitable valves, and the said otherheated regenerator is utilized in connection with the second andpreheated shaftof the reduction-furnace. The other regenerator is againreheated and the first shaft of the reduction-furnace replenished with afresh supply of n limestone and then preheated by radiation from theother shaft in operation. In order to facilitate the development ofcarbon dioXid in the reduction-furnace, superheated steam is admittedinto the regenerator along with the carbon dioXid taken from the maincarbonicacid receiving tank or reservoir., and is thus carried throughthe regeneratorvand into the lime-reduction furnace. After the gas andair supply, are shut off in one regenerator the carbon dioXid from thehotfblast device or chamber is blown through it for a short IOO time todrive out the burned gases before opening the valve connecting with thelime-reduction furnace. Thus nothing butcarbon dioxid and steam enterthe furnace.,

The hoppers at 'the top and the sliding valves at the bottom of thereduction-furnace are so arranged that the limestone can be charged intothe shafts of the'furnace and the lime drawn out without the admissionof atmospheric air. v

Theinvention consists inthe novel apparatus or plant for the manufactureof carbon dioxid from limestone hereinafter more particularly specified,and finally embodied in the clauses of the claim which are appended toand `form an essential part of this specification.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which-- l yFigure 1 is a plan view vofan apparatus and devices showing theembodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a part ,elevation andpart sectional representation of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical section-of a hot-blast apparatus, on an enlarged scale, adapted for heating thecarbonic acid and also the air which are passed intoL the regenerators.Fig. 4 is a detail plan of a portion ofthe apparatus and devicesembodying the principles of this invention in which the supply ofcarbonic acid from the main reservoir is raised to its properltemperature. by being passed through a system of piping heated from thewaste products in the flue connection with the stack of the plant, andFig. 5 is a sectional representation of a hot-air-blast rdevice to beused with the system lshown in said Fig. 4.

Similar characters of reference are employed in the above-describedfigures of the drawings to indicate corresponding parts.

Referring now to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the drawings, the reference'character 1 indicates a suitable gas-producer, provided with an inletpipe or duct 2,- having .a valve 3. The producer-gas is fed from thesaid gas-:producer 1 through a pipe 4. in which there is a valve 5, intoan inlet 6 of a hot-blast apparatus or device 7, the, gas .passing intoa combustion-chamber 8 vof said 'device or apparatus 7, where it ismixed With atmospheric air entering the said chamber `8 through an inlet1() and ignited beneath a pair of systems of coils 11 Aand 12 Withinsaid apparatus or ydevice 7, substantially as illustratcd'in Fig. 3 ofthe drawings. Theproducts of combustion after passing between ythe saidcoils 11 and 12 enter an exhaust-pipe 13, connected with the saidapparatus or device 7 and with a stack 14, whence they escape from saidstack into the open air. The reference character 15 indicates a pair ofregenerators of any suitable and wellk'nown construction, the lower orbottom portion of each regenerator having connected therewith a pipe orflue 16, leadinginto the chimney `or `stack flue 17, substantiallyinthemanner illustrated. 'Connected withy the lower and outlet portions 9 ofythe coils 11 within the hot-blast apparatus or device 7 and extendingfrom the opposite sides of said apparatus or device 7 are pipes18, eachpipe 18 being provided with a valve 19 and terminating in apipe or lueland each pipe or flue 'tion with the gas-producer 1.

16 being also provided with a valve or shutofi 2O at a point between thejunction of said pipes 18 with the pipes or iues 16 and thev chimney orstack iiue 17. Connected with the upper or dome portion 21 of eachregenerator 15 is a gas-conveying pipe 22, yprovided with a suitablevalve 23 in each pipe 22 and each pipe being in suitable communica-Extending from the upper endV or outlet portion of the coils 12 is apipe 24 and connecting-pipe 25, provided with a pair of valves 26.substantially as illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings,

the said connecting-pipe 25 being 'connected into the said coil 12. Themain carbonic-acidv receiver or reservoir is indicated by the referencecharacter 29, the same being of any usual and well-known construction,andconnected with the said receiver or reservoir is a pipe 30, in whichthere may be a valve 31,`

the said pipe 30 extending into the hot-blast apparatus or device 7 andbeing connected with the coils 11 for conducting charges of carbonicvacid from the' said Vmain receiver or reservoir 29 through the saidcoils 1l to be heatedvand then fed through the pipes 18 and portions ofthe pipes or flues 16, the valves or shut-ods 20 being closed, into therespective generators 15. A mixture ofsuperheated steam and carbonicacid is produced by means of a steam-conveying pipe 32, having twobranches 33 extending into the hot-blast apparatus or device 7, wherethese branches are made in the shapes of' coils 34 for superheating thesteam and then terminate in end pipes-35, ywhich extend from the saidapparatus or device 7 and are respectively connected with the respectivepipes 18 on oppo- IOO site sides of the/said apparatus or device 7,

as shown, to conduct the superheated steam directly into the heatedcarbonic acid before it is delivered into either regenerator 15. A

water seal 36 and piping 37 may be connectedy with the regenerators,this construction and arrangement of water seal, however, forming 4vthesubject-matter of another application for `Letters Patent filed bymyself August 12, 1904,V Serial No. 220,483, and allowed December 19,1904. Extending from the upper or dome portion of the regenerators 15are conveyer-pipes 38, each pipe being. provided Iwith a valve 39 andterminating 1n a main Letters Patent Hled byrmyself August 12,

1904, Serial No. 220,482, and allowed Novemy say, however, that when theshafts of the said double-shaft reducing-furnace 41 are charged with thelimestone the carbon dioxid and steam can be made to enter either shaftof the furnace for calcining the limestone in an atmosphere of carbondioXid. c

, The carbon dioxid which is given off from the limestone is removedfrom the doubleshaft furnace at the upper part of each shaft through thepiping 42, having a pairof valves 43 and connected by means of a pipe 44to a suitable condenser 45, comprising a `series of pipes provided withsprayers 46 on the inside. When the hot carbon dioxid comesin contactwith the sprays of water from saidr sprayers, the supply of water is soregulated that there is no excess of water, and the carbonic acid willbe properly cooled. The carbonic acid is then forced, by means of asuction-blower, pump, or other suitable apparatus 47, preferably into abalancing tank or holder 48, and then into the maincarbonio-acid-receiving tank or reservoir 29, heretofore mentioned, fromwhich the main bulk of the carbon dioxid is drawn, andthen dried,compressed, and put in steel drums or-other suitable vessels for themarket, a portion of the carbon dioXid when the plant is in operationalways being drawn through the pipe 30 into the coils 11 to be heated inthe blast apparatus or device 7 in the manner and for the purposes abovedescribed. bonic-acid-conveying pipe 30 into a hot-,blast apparatuscontaining a heating-coil 11 this pipe 30, as will be seen from aninspection of Fig. 4 of the drawings, may be led directly into thechimney or stack Hue 17, being ar-r ranged in the form of ajcoil 50 insaid Hue and terminating in a pipe 51, which extends from the said Hue,substantially as illustrated.

:This pipe 51 is connected by means of the branch pipe 52, having a pairof valves 53 therein, directly with the respective regenerators 15. Inall other respects the arrangement of the remaining devices and parts of,the apparatus is the same as that previously described, except that thehot-blast apparatus or device contains but the hot-air coils 12, asclearly indicated in F ig. 5 of the drawings. Thus the carbonic acid tobe conductedto the regenerators is heated from the waste gases and hotair in the Hue 17.

4In working the apparatus represented in the several figures of thedrawings one of the regenerators is heated to a temperature of, say,1,000O centigrade or over by admission of gas with sufHcient atmosphericair from the chamber 8 and coil 12 for combustion into the dome or upperpart of the regen- Instead of leading the car- 1 regenerator and the.valve in the furnace Hue or pipe 16 being both closed. After theregenerator has been properly heated hot air from the coils 12 in ltheapparatus or device 7 is forced into the dome of the regenerator, and byopening the valve 2O in the pipe or Hue 16 the burned gases are forcedfrom the said regenerator through the said pipe or Hue into thestack-Hue 17. After a time the val-ve 20 in the pipe 16 is again closedand the valve 19 in the pipe 18, connected with said heated regenerator,opened. Carbon dioXid from theV reservoir 29 is passed into andthroughthe coils 11 of the hot-blast apparatus or device7 and byy means of thepipes 18and 16- into the lower portion of the' regenerator 15,

where its temperature is further increased to 1,000O or1,20()Ocentigrade, steam being admitted in the manner as above stated. The

`mixture of preheated carbon dioxid .and steamsaid furnace in themannerfpreviously de-4 scribed and finally collected in the mainreceiver or reservoir 29. lVIeanwhile the other `regenerator and theother shaft of the reduction-furnace 41 are beingpreheated in the mannerpreviously stated, and when the regenerator and the said shaft of thefurnace `just in use begin to cool a shift is made by properly closingand opening th'e variousv .100

valves, and the preheated `regenerator and 'other shaft of the furnace41 arevutilized,

while the first-used regenerator and shaft of the reductionfurnace areagain reheated,

thus using the regenerators and shafts of the red uction-furnace 41alternately and insuring a simple and inexpensive arrangement ofapparatus and devices which is very complete in its work and provides aprocess of producing carbon dioXid which is continuous during theoperations of the plant.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In an apparatusfor producing carbonio acid, the combination. of a double-shaftreduction-furnace, with a regenerator, a means of communicationvbetweenthe said regenerator andeach shaft of the reduction-furnace, devices insaid means of communication. for shutting off the regenerator fromeither of said shafts of the furnace, a hot-blast device, a means ofcommunication between said hotblast device and the regenerator,mechanism in said means of communication for shutting off theregenerator from said hot-blast device,

means for conducting aproducer-gas into said Y hotfblast device and intosaid regenerator,

, means for conducting carbonio acid into said hot-blast device tobeheated therein, and

The limestone in the furnace 41 nextl IIO devices in said means oflcommunication for shutting off either of said regenerators from saidreduction-furnace, a hot-blast device, va means of communication betweensaid -hotblast device and said pair of regenerators, de-

vices in said means of communication for shutting off either of theregenerators from said hot-blast device, means for conductingaproducer-gas into said hot-blast `device and intosaid regenerators,means for conducting carbonio acid into said hot-blast device to beheated therein, and means for conducting the heated carbonio acid toeither of said regenerators, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

3. In an apparatus for producing carbonio acid, the combination, of adouble-shaft reduction-furnace, with a pair of regenerators, a means ofcommunication between the said regenerators and said double-shaftfurnace, devices-in said means of communication for `shutting off eitherof said regenerators from said reduction-furnace, a hot-blast device,` ameans of communication between said hotblastdevicel and said pair ofregenerators, devices in said means of communication for shutting ofi'either of the regenerators from said hot-blast device, means forconducting a producer-gas into said hot-blast device and into saidregenerators, means for conducting carbonio acid into said hot-blastdevice to be heated therein, means for conducting the heated carbonioacid to either of said regenerators, and means for conducting steam intothe said oarbonio-acid-conducting means between the hot-blast device andthe said regenerators, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In an apparatus for producing carbonio acid, the combination, of adouble-shaft reduction-furnace, with a pair of regenerators, a means ofcommunication between the said regenerators and said double-shaftfurnace, devices in said means Lof communication for shutting off eitherof said regenerators from said4 reduction-furnace, a hot-blast device, ameans of communication between said hotblast device and said pair ofregenerators, devices in said means of communication for shutting offeither of the regenerators from-4 said hot-blast device, means forconduotinga producer-gas into said hot-blast device and.

into said regenerators, means for conducting carbonio acid into saidhot-blast device to be heated therein, means for conducting the heatedcarbonio acid to either of said regenerators, and steam-pipes leadinginto said hot- Ablast device and extending therefrom, said `shutting offthe regenerator from either of vsaid shafts of the furnace, ahot-blastdevice,

a means of communication between said hotblast device and theregenerator, mechanism in said means of communication for shutting otlthe regenerator from said hot-blast device, means for conducting aproducer-gas into said hot-blast device and into said regenerator, acondenser and a main receiver, means between t-he reduction-furnace,condenser and receiver for drawing the carbonio acid genlerated throughsaid condenser and into sald` main receiver, means between lsaid mainreceiver and said hot-blast device for conducting a portion of thecarbonio acid to said hotblast device to be heated therein, and meansfor conducting the heated carbonio acid to said regenerator,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In an apparatus for producing carbonio acid, the combination, of adouble-shaft reduction-furnace, with a pair of regenerators, a means ofcommunication between the said regenerators and said double-shaftfurnace, devices in said means of communication for shutting off eitherof said regenerators from said reduction-furnace, a hot-blast device, ameans of communication between said hotblast device and said pair ofregenerators, devices in said means of communication for IOO shuttingoff either of the regenerators from f said hot-blast device, means forconducting a producer-gas into said hot-blast device Vand into saidregenerators, a condenser and mam f receiver,means between thereduction-furnace, condenser and receiver for drawing the carbonio acidgenerated through said condenser and into said main receiver, meansbetween said main receiver and said hot-blast device for conducting aportion of the carbonio acid to said hot-blast device to be heatedtherein, and means for conducting the heated carbonio acid to either ofsaid regenerators, substantiall57 as and for the purposes set forth. 7In an apparatus for producing carbonio acid, the combination, of adouble-shaft reduction-furnace, with a pair of regenerators, a means ofcommunication between the said regenerators and said double-shaftfurnace, de-

IIO

vices in said means of communication for shutting off either of saidregenerators from said reduction-furnace, a hot-blast device, a

means of communication between said hot-` blast devioe and said pair ofregenerators, de-

vices in said means of communication for shutting off either of theregenerators from said hot-blast device, means for conducting aproducer-gas into said hot-blast device and into said regenerators, vacondenser and main receiver, means between the reductionfurnace,condenser and receiver for drawing the carbonio acid generated throughsaid condenser and into said main receiver, means between said mainreceiver and said hot-blast device for conducting a portion of thecarbonio acid to said hot-blast device to be heated therein, means forconducting the heated carbonio acid to either of said regenerators, andmeans for conducting steam into the said carbonic-acid-conducting meansbetween the said hot-blast device and the said regenerators,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. In an apparatus for producing carbonio acid, the combination, of adouble-shaft reduction-furnace, with a pair of regenerators, a means ofcommunication between the said regenerators and said double-shaftfurnace, devices in said means of communication for shutting off eitherof said regenerators from said reduction-furnace, a hot-blast device, ameans of communication between said hotblast device and said pair ofregenerators, de?

vices in said means of communication for shutting off either of theregenerators from said hot-blast device, means for conducting aproducer-gas into said hot-blast device and into said regenerators, acondenser and main receiver, means betweenthe reduction-furnace,condenser and receiver for drawing the carbonio acid generated throughsaid condenser and into said main receiver, means between said mainreceiver and said hot-blast device for conducting a portion of thecarbonic acid to said hot blast device to be heated therein, means forconducting the heated carbonio acid to either of said regenerators, andsteam-pipes leading into said hotblast device and extending therefrom,said steam-pipes being connectedwith the said carbonic-acid-conductingmeans between the hotblast device and the said regenerators,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony that I claim the invention set forth above I have hereuntoset my hand this 6th day of August, 1904.

GREGOR WALZEL.

Witnesses:

FREDK. C. FRAENTZEL, GEO. D. RICHARDS.

